ISO 10968:2020 pdf free.Earth-moving machinery -Operator’s controls.
4 Requirements for controls
4.1 General
This document recommends that the general requirements and principles of arrangement be followed for other types of controls apart from the one’s listed below, taking into account operator safety and ergonomics.
4.2 Control locations
The location of primary controls shall be within the minimum operator space envelope as given in ISO 3411. Primary and secondary controls should also take into account the guidelines given in
ISO 6682.
4.3 Distance between controls
4.3.1 The distance between adjacent controls and between controls and other machine parts shall be sufficient to allow operation without unintentional activation of adjacent controls. The overlapping of controls is permissible to provide independent and simultaneous control application.
4.3.2 The minimum distance between finger-, hand- and foot-operated controls, or between these types of controls and other machine parts, shall be in accordance with Table 1:
4.3.3 If two adjacent finger- or hand-operated controls are intended to be used simultaneously, a smaller distance is acceptable.
4.4 Measures against movement or damage by external forces
Controls, control linkage and their power supply shall be arranged such that they cannot be damaged or moved into an undesirable position by foreseeable external forces, e.g. hand or foot force or shaking (vibration) of the machine.
5 Movement of controls
5.1 General
5.1.1 The type, location and method of operation of typical primary controls shall be according to Annex A for base machine movements, according to Annex B for equipment movements, and according to Annex C for attachment movements. Specific requirements for graders are found in Annex D. Specific requirements for dozers are found in Annex E. Primary controls for equipment not otherwise specified shall follow the same principles as given by Annex B. Primary controls for attachment not otherwise specified shall follow the same principles as given by Annex C.
5.1.2 The movement of the controls in relation to their neutral position shall be in the same general direction as the machine response, unless the combining of controls or customary usage dictates otherwise (e.g. driving control of machines where the operator’s position is located on the part of the machine that can swing, such as the upper structure of an excavator).
5.1.3 If a machine is equipped with an alternative operator’s position with duplicated control arrangements, then both sets of controls shall operate in the same manner. When one set of controls is active, the other set shall be inactive. The active set shall be clearly identified with a visual indicator. An exception would be for mechanically connected dual controls (e.g. duplicate steering wheels, duplicated propulsion controls) where all controls are continuously active.
5.1.4 All controls shall return to their neutral position when the operator releases the control, unless the control has a detent or hold position for continuous activation.
5.1.5 For foot-operated controls where the pedal is operated in two directions (treadle pedal), for example, downward motion of the front of the pedal and downward motion of the rear of the pedal, the pedal shall pivot under the operator’s foot and shall remain at rest in the neutral position.
5.1.6 The controls shall be so arranged or deactivated or guarded that they cannot be activated unintentionally — in particular for example, when the operator is getting into or out of the operator’s station according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
5.1.7 The controls shall be arranged so as not to create a tripping hazard when the operator is getting into or out of the operator’s station according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
5.1.8 For gear/drive/speed selection controls the shifting pattern shall be clearly marked. In particular, the neutral position shall be clearly identified.
5.1.9 The identification symbols shall be on the controls or next to them. If space limitations dictate, a diagram, clearly visible to the operator, showing the primary controls is acceptable.
5.1.10 Graphical symbols shall be in accordance with ISO 640 5-1 and ISO 640 5-2.ISO 10968 pdf download.